The continuous development of renewable energy technologies requires innovative approaches to increase the efficiency of systems. In this context, photovoltaics (PV) plays a crucial role in sustainable energy generation.
The key component for optimum PV performance is solar tracking, which adjusts the alignment of the photovoltaic modules according to the position of the sun. The integration of high-precision sensors for angle and tilt enables precise tracking of the sun’s movement. These sensors are installed along the mounting structures of the solar panels. Their placement ensures accurate detection of angular changes in relation to the horizontal and vertical axis as well as the inclination of the panel surface. Compared to conventional, permanently installed modules, movable ones can absorb and convert significantly more solar radiation.
The sensor arrays use various technologies such as gyroscopes, inclinometers and accelerometers to continuously monitor the position of the modules. The precise data enables real-time feedback to the solar tracking system, which optimizes the alignment of the photovoltaic modules according to the position of the sun. This process takes place both horizontally and vertically.
The integration of such sensor systems offers a number of advantages:
Increased energy yield
The precise alignment of the solar panels in the direction of the sun maximizes the irradiation on the cells. This leads to an increase in energy production and improved overall efficiency of the photovoltaic system.
Optimization under variable conditions
The sensors allow the solar panels to adapt dynamically to changing environmental conditions such as clouds, diffuse radiation and atmospheric disturbances. The system can thus optimize its performance under different weather conditions.
Extending the service life
Precise alignment of the photovoltaic modules reduces mechanical stress and minimizes signs of wear. This helps to extend the service life of the system and leads to more sustainable energy generation.
Increased cost-effectiveness
Increased energy generation and efficiency lead to improved cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic systems. The investment in highly developed sensor solutions pays for itself through increased yields and lower operating costs.
Sustainability and environmental impact
Alignment using sensor solutions helps to reduce the amount of space required for PV systems, as less space is needed to generate the same amount of energy. This has a positive impact on the environment by protecting natural habitats.
The KAS211 series is an example of such a highly developed inclination and acceleration sensor.
These sensors are based on the very precise and robust pendulum system made of high-purity silicon. This achieves a reproducibility of 0.01 % with long-term stability of 0.07 % in approx. 10 years. The sensor elements can withstand at least 20,000 g shocks without affecting the measurement behavior (e.g. 0-point).
They measure with very high accuracies and resolutions of up to 0.0002° or 0.017 mm/m. The measuring angles are output as a 4 – 20 mA signal.
The measuring elements, which are designed as double capacitors, emit a large useful signal. Most of the noise is caused by the evaluation electronics. To reduce this, 2 technologies are crossed. The differential output signal of the double pendulum system is combined with differential electronics that are normally used for other sensor systems. The result is a very low-noise useful signal that is also optimally shielded against ESD interference by the mechanics (metal housing).
